«Қазақ» сөзінің «Бабырнамадағы» семантикасы

Quanyshbek Kenzhalin; Adilet Tansykbay; Lazzat Еспекова

doi:10.32523/2664-5157-2024-4-90-115

Authors

Quanyshbek Kenzhalin L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Adilet Tansykbay L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Lazzat Еспекова L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2024-4-90-115

Keywords:

qazaq, qazaqlıq, semantics, Baburnama, Babur, lexicon, Chagatai

Abstract

The ethnonym qazaq has a complex semantic history, reflecting changes in the political, social and cultural environment. Studying this facilitates an understanding of the evolution of relationships between different ethnic groups and reveals trends in their interaction. One of the medieval manuscripts in which the word qazaq is recorded is the work ‘Vaqayi’ (“Baburnama”), written by Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur. This article examines the semantics and and usage of the words qazaq, qazaqlıq, qazaqāna as recorded in this autobiography, written in the Chagatai Turkic language during the Middle Ages. The linguistic analysis focuses on the linguistic, historical and cultural context. The meanings identified as a result of the analysis: qazaq – ‘name of the country and ethnic group’, ‘brave’, ‘hero’, ‘scout’, ‘robber’; qazaqlıq – ‘a state and a set of actions (military invasion, confiscation, robbery, etc.) carried out by a ruler with his supporters during political instability’, qazaqāna – ‘modestly’. It is hypothesized that the meanings used in the ‘Baburnama’ formed the basis of the name of the Kazakh ethnicity. The linguistic connection between qazaq – qaraq and alaš is also examined. The authors conclude that Zahiraddin Muhammad Babur skillfully used the polysemy of the word qazaq in his autobiography.

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Information about author

Quanyshbek Kenzhalin, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University

PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Kazakh Linguistics

Adilet Tansykbay, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University

Doctoral Student, Department of Kazakh Linguistics

Lazzat Еспекова, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University

Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Kazakh Linguistics

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